Ibrahim Hilal 

On October 18, 2025, an explosion occurred in the Gaza Strip, specifically in Rafah, resulting in the death of two Israeli soldiers and the injury of others. Following the incident, Israel accused Hamas of violating the ceasefire; subsequently, the Israeli Air Force responded with raids and fire belts on areas in the Gaza Strip.

In contrast, Hamas denied responsibility for the incident and denied knowledge of it, and affirmed its continued commitment to the ceasefire agreement. Despite both parties returning to the agreement, statements were issued by both sides with mutual accusations of violating the truce.

On the sidelines of these accusations, Arabi Facts Hub analyzed a coordinated campaign that promoted claims of violating the ceasefire and incited the continuation of the war.

Mutual Violations

The BBC reported that the US State Department informed the guarantor countries of the Gaza ceasefire agreement that it had "credible reports" indicating a possible violation of the agreement by Hamas. In a statement, the US State Department said that "the United States is closely monitoring developments on the ground," adding: "Should Hamas proceed with this attack, action will be taken to protect the residents of Gaza and preserve the integrity of the ceasefire."

Hamas stated at the time that the Israeli army had committed 47 violations since the start of the ceasefire agreement in Gaza, leading to the killing of 38 Palestinians and the injury of 147 others.

In the digital space, "Rafah" appeared as a trending word in Israel from October 18 to 21, 2025, as many Israeli platforms and accounts tried to support and confirm the Israeli army's narrative about Hamas violating the ceasefire agreement and incite the resumption of war.

Amplification of the Israeli Narrative

The number of posts mentioning "Rafah" from October 17 to October 23, 2025, reached 404,500 posts, achieving a total engagement estimated at 2.2 million times in the same time period, with a total reach estimated at 49.4 billion times over five days.

The large number of reach associated with "Rafah" indicates intentional amplification. The map of interacting accounts showed that the United States came in first with approximately 35% of the total number of posts, followed by France, the United Kingdom, and Spain with similar percentages, and then Israel in fifth place with 3.6% of total posts.

This map reflected the nature of the discussions on American and European accounts. After the official account of the Israeli Prime Minister's office published a statement about the closure of the Rafah crossing due to Hamas's violation of the ceasefire agreement, several American accounts reacted to the statement with criticism. Then, other American accounts commented, defending Israel and supporting its narrative.

Several accounts reposted a tweet from the official account of the Israeli Prime Minister's Office, giving the Israeli narrative digital momentum, as several pro-Israel accounts amplified its narrative on social media platforms to justify the Israeli army's bombing of Gaza.

Accounts Promoting the Israeli Narrative

"Open Source Intel @Osint613" was one of the most prominent accounts that interacted. It is a new Israeli account that identified its location as Northern Israel and New York, and published about 32 posts between October 17 and 23, 2025.

The account focused in all its posts on promoting the collapse of the ceasefire agreement as a result of Hamas violating the agreement by attacking a vehicle belonging to the Israeli army. Consequently, the account attempted, through numerous posts, to justify the airstrikes launched by the Israeli Air Force on civilians in the Strip.

The account was linked to another pro-Israel account named "@JewishWarrior13", a recently created account located in the United States, which published about 24 posts from October 17 to 23, with its posts focusing on supporting the Israeli narrative.

Another Israeli account called Vivid.🇮🇱 @VividProwess, created in 2019, also stood out. The account focused its posts on politically promoting Israel, narrating Hamas's violation of the ceasefire agreement, and subsequently, inciting a return to war, bombing, and the destruction of Gaza.

The Israeli account "Issac @isaacrrr7," which posts in Spanish, echoed the claims made by the preceding account. The user's account description identifies them as a Jewish Argentine who defends Israel and the West.

The same promotional phrasing for the collapse of the ceasefire was published on a French pro-Israel account called "SIMON WEINBERG @SlMONWEINBERG." The account's posts focus on supporting Israeli propaganda and incitement against Palestinians.

Recurring Patterns and Phrasing

On October 19, the activity of pro-Israeli accounts increased, and the campaign peaked, with Israeli accounts using repeated phrasing that promoted the narrative of the Hamas attack on Israeli soldiers in Rafah.

Among the most prominent of these accounts is "The Mossad: Satirical and Awesome @TheMossadIL," which is an Israeli commercial account that promotes Israeli propaganda and is linked to an online store.

Another account that stood out in the interactions commenting on the incident is "Mossad Commentary @MOSSADil," which is another Israeli account that describes itself as specializing in publishing news. However, upon reviewing the account's posts, it was found to publish Israeli propaganda in both Arabic and English.

As for the "Israel War Room" account, it is an Israeli account focused on supporting the Israeli narrative, as written on the website that the account linked in its basic information.

Accounts belonging to Israeli journalists participated in this campaign, such as "Hen Mazzi," a Jewish Israeli writer who travels between Tel Aviv and London, writes in English newspapers, and is an Israeli activist who worked to promote the Israeli narrative.

The account of Israeli journalist "Emanuel (Mannie) Fabian" also promoted the same narrative. This journalist publishes in Arabic and works for the "timesofisrael" newspaper.

Following the same approach was the account of "Eylon Levi," whose owner describes himself as a "former spokesperson for the State of Israel."

The posting also involved other recent Israeli accounts, including "Raph Israël," which was created in 2024, and whose owner has consistently incited against Palestinians. Similarly, the account "Annie Finn," which was created in 2025, publishes Israeli propaganda.

Arab accounts, such as "Abubaker Abed," disseminated the Israeli narrative without any verification. Similarly, the "Mosab Hassan Yousef" account—a recently created profile belonging to an Arab-origin writer active in "counter-terrorism" topics—also promoted the Israeli viewpoint.

All these accounts, active in promoting the Israeli narrative, ignored Hamas' denial of responsibility for any attack in Rafah or for violating the ceasefire agreement. They also ignored the alternative account published by American correspondent Ryan Grim, which suggested that the two Israeli soldiers were killed in Rafah due to an unexploded shell detonating within a military engineering vehicle that was demolishing Palestinian homes in Rafah.

Israel halted its airstrikes on the Strip after the intervention of US President Donald Trump. Meanwhile, these accounts continue to wage campaigns against the ceasefire in Gaza.